The Yadavs of Nepal hold a significant position among the various castes in the country, identified interchangeably as Ahir or Gope. According to the 2021 Nepal census, the Yadav community constitutes 4.21% of the nation’s population, amounting to 1,228,581 individuals. Claiming descent from the ancient Yadu tribe associated with Lord Krishna in Hindu scriptures, the Yadavs share close ties with their counterparts in Bihar, with migration from Bihar to Nepal being a notable aspect. The terms Yadav, Ahir, and Gopa are often used synonymously within the Nepalese context to refer to the same caste.
Historical Significance
Delving into the historical fabric of Nepal, the Ahirs emerge as early rulers of the Kathmandu Valley. The Gopala dynasty, the inaugural ruling dynasty of Nepal, paved the way for the Mahisapala dynasty. Collectively known as Abhiras, these Gopalas and Mahisapalas held sway. During the Lichhavi period, inscriptions mention the names of many de facto rulers of the Abhira-gupta dynasty, eclipsing the Lichhavi kings in administrative prominence.
Social Structure
Within Nepal, Ahirs are stratified into three main subcastes: Majhraut, Krishnaut, and Ghosin. Additionally, smaller sub-castes such as Kannaujiya, Dhadhor, Goria, Raut, and Rawat exist in limited numbers. The devotion of the Gopala Dynasty Kings to Lord Shiva adds a religious dimension to the social fabric of the Yadavs.
Yadavs in Nepal based on the provided data:
| Province | Percentage of Yadavs |
|---|---|
| Madhesh Province | 14.8% |
| Lumbini Province | 4.1% |
| Koshi Province | 1.3% |
| Bagmati Province | 0.2% |
| Gandaki Province | 0.0% |
| Karnali Province | 0.0% |
| Sudurpashchim Province | 0.0% |
Districts with Higher Yadav Frequency:
| District | Percentage of Yadavs |
|---|---|
| Siraha | 24.4% |
| Dhanusha | 17.5% |
| Saptari | 15.8% |
| Sarlahi | 15.5% |
| Mahottari | 15.2% |
| Rautahat | 12.2% |
| Bara | 10.5% |
| Kapilvastu | 10.2% |
| Rupandehi | 7.4% |
| Parsa | 6.6% |
| Parasi | 5.8% |
| Banke | 4.7% |
| Sunsari | 4.3% |
Note: The percentages are based on the 2011 Nepal census data.
Conclusion
The Yadavs of Nepal play a crucial role in shaping the cultural and historical narrative of the region. With their roots tracing back to ancient times, the Yadavs have left an indelible mark on the political and social landscape of Nepal. Understanding their intricate social structure, historical significance, and cultural ties provides valuable insights into the rich heritage of this prominent community.
FAQs
 What is the Yadav caste?
 The Yadavs of Nepal are one of the prominent castes in Nepal, also known as Ahir or Gope. They claim descent from the ancient Yadu tribe of Lord Krishna mentioned in Hindu scriptures. In Nepal, the terms Yadav, Ahir, and Gopa are often used synonymously for the same caste.
How many Yadavs are there in Nepal?Â
According to the 2021 Nepal census, 1,228,581 people (4.21% of the population of Nepal) are Yadav.
What are the sub-castes of Yadavs in Nepal?
Ahirs in Nepal are mainly divided into three subcastes: Majhraut, Krishnaut, and Ghosin. Some other sub-castes are also found in small numbers like Kannaujiya, Dhadhor, Goria, Raut, Rawat, etc.
What is the history of Yadavs in Nepal?
 Historically, the Ahirs are considered as early rulers of Kathmandu valley. The Gopala dynasty was the first dynasty of Nepal, who were succeeded by the Mahisapala dynasty. These Gopalas and Mahisapalas were together known as Abhiras. During the Lichhavi period, names of many de facto rulers of Abhira-gupta dynasty are mentioned in inscriptions. These Abhiras occupied the higher position and overshadowed the Lichhavi kings in the administration.
